The arts in education.

The arts in education. NCLB NCLB No Child Left Behind (US education initiative)classifies the arts as a core academic subject to be taught byhighly qualified teachers. K-12 standards for dance, music, theater andvisual arts visual artsnpl → artes fpl pl��sticasvisual artsnpl → arts mpl plastiquesvisual artsnpl → education were developed in 1994 by the Consortium ofNational Arts Education Association. A 2005 Harris Poll found strongpublic support for the arts (see box). So the arts should be high onevery district's priority list--at least, that's the messageimplied in recent national reports. The arts should be higher on some lists, according to according toprep.1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians.2. In keeping with: according to instructions.3. CriticalEvidence." How the Arts Benefit Student Achievement, a report fromthe National Assembly of State Arts Education Agencies and the ArtsEducation Partnership. The authors say opportunities for students tolearn about the arts are diminishing, especially in poor, inner-city andrural schools. State education agencies play an important role in supporting thearts, according to a report on the Governor's Commission on theArts in Education Arts in Education is an expanding field of educational research and practice informed by investigations into learning through arts experiences. It is distinguished from art education by being not so much about teaching art, but focused on: . Arkansas governer Mike Huckabee This article or section contains information about one or more candidates in an upcoming or ongoing election.Content may change as the election approaches. says in the report's prefacethat arts education offers "many practical benefits" but also"has value in and of itself." Instrumental value. Correlational research suggests that studentengagement in the arts is associated with enhanced student achievement.Supporting this position are findings from researchers at the Univ. ofCalifornia-Los Angeles. They reviewed data from the National EducationalLongitudinal Study longitudinal studya chronological study in epidemiology which attempts to establish a relationship between an antecedent cause and a subsequent effect. See also cohort study. , comparing students who were highly involved in artsinstruction to students who were less involved. "Highlyinvolved" students earned better grades, performed better onstandardized tests, performed more community service, watched fewerhours of television, reported less boredom in school and were lesslikely to drop out. These findings held true for students from thelowest socioeconomic-status quartile QuartileA statistical term describing a division of observations into four defined intervals based upon the values of the data and how they compare to the entire set of observations.Notes:Each quartile contains 25% of the total observations. of the 25,000 surveyed. In 2000, Harvard's Project Zero published the results of acomprehensive research synthesis conducted through the ReviewingEducation and the Arts Project. Research analysts Lois Hetland and EllenWinner identified 188 rigorous studies conducted between 1950 and 1999,and they calculated effect sizes in 10 areas. They found causal links inthree areas: (1) listening to music and temporary improvements inspatial-temporal reasoning--thinking using pictures that evolve in spaceand time; (2) learning to play music and spatial reasoning--the abilityto interpret and make drawings, form mental images and visualizemovement or change in those images; and (3) classroom drama and verbalskills such as understanding and recall of stories. However, many questions remain. For example, according to the REAPanalysts, "the analysis of arts-rich educational programs showsthat studying the arts does not, in and of itself, lead to improved testscores. Yet schools with strong arts often report improved academicachievement." What we don't know Don't know (DK, DKed)"Don't know the trade." A Street expression used whenever one party lacks knowledge of a trade or receives conflicting instructions from the other party. is why, or which componentsof an arts education program have the most impact on studentachievement. Also, educators will need to interpret existing research carefullyif it is to be of practical use. For example, "a meta-analysis of15 studies involving 701 children ages 3 to 12 years suggests thatchildren provided with music instruction score higher than controls onspatial-temporal tasks," Frances Rauscher reported in 2003. But aseparate study that examined the effects of different types ofinstruction (keyboard, singing and rhythm) indicated that each type ofinstruction affected different aspects of cognition cognitionAct or process of knowing. Cognition includes every mental process that may be described as an experience of knowing (including perceiving, recognizing, conceiving, and reasoning), as distinguished from an experience of feeling or of willing. . Intrinsic value Intrinsic Value1. The value of a company or an asset based on an underlying perception of the value.2. For call options, this is the difference between the underlying stock's price and the strike price. . In 2005, analysts at the Rand Corporation Rand Corporation,research institution in Santa Monica, Calif.; founded 1948 and supported by federal, state, and local governments, as well as by foundations and corporations. Its principal fields of research are national security and public welfare. summarized research findings on the arts' instrumental benefits butalso urged policymakers to recognize three types of intrinsic benefits:(1) immediate benefits, such as pleasure and captivation cap��ti��vate?tr.v. cap��ti��vat��ed, cap��ti��vat��ing, cap��ti��vates1. To attract and hold by charm, beauty, or excellence. See Synonyms at charm.2. Archaic To capture. , (2) growth inindividual capacities, such as enhanced empathy for other people andcultures, and (3) benefits that accrue largely to the public, such associal bonds and the expression of community identity. For citation of the references used in this article, go towww.districtadministration.com EDVANTIA www.edvantia.org, 800-624-9120 The Survey Says... 93% of Americans believe the arts are vital to providing awell-rounded education 86% agree an arts education encourages and assists in theimprovement of a child's attitudes toward school 83% believe that arts education helps teach children to communicateeffectively with adults and peers Harris Poll. May 2005 ARTS INFO ON THE WEB 2006 report from the Governor's Commission on the Arts inEducation www.ecs.org/ecsmain.asp?page=/ clearinghouse/69/42/6942.pdf Critical Evidence (2006) www.nasaa-arts.org/publications/critical-evidence.pdf REAP Report Summary www.pz.harvard.edu/Research/Reap/REAPExecSum.htm National Standards for Arts Education artsedge.kennedy-center.org Searchable database Refers to databases on the Web that are searchable by typing in a query. The term is quite redundant because all databases are searchable. In fact, that is one of their major features. of state policies (Artscan) www.ecs.org/artscan